A. Bronze Mirror Sources The bronze mirrors unearthed in the Shang Dynasty era have only been discovered on five sides. On the back of the mirror, there are bow-shaped buttons that are decorated with patterns on the mat and scales. The other four sides are round, mirror back with arched ring button, and decorated with leaf veins or multiple coils convex string pattern, mirror into ** or convex, mirror body than the protection at this time bronze mirror decoration has its own style. This style is also found in other artifacts unearthed at the same time. Such as chord lines on the bronze mirror, nail stud pattern, is also common in the Yin Dynasty bronze mirror.
Western Zhou bronze mirrors have so far been found in fifteen, all circular. The mirror is flat or slightly convex, the mirror body is thin, and the button has olive-shaped, arched, half-cupped, rectangular and other kinds. Can be divided into prime mirror, heavy ring mirror, bird and animal pattern mirror three. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, prime mirrors were used. In the late period of this period, the ornamentation of the mirror back changed, and new animal ornamentation broke the traditional style.
Spring and autumn and the Warring States period is the era of the prevalence of China's bronze mirrors. The characteristics of the Warring States bronze mirror are: the body is lightweight, exquisite decoration, smooth lines, sweeping the style of the early childhood bronze mirror, showing a new look of the bronze craft. The bronze mirror is mostly round at this time. There are various patterns of expression, such as bas-relief, high relief, gold and silver, stone, painting, and so on. Patterns are mostly made with ground patterns that reflect the main pattern, and the pattern of main patterns is in contrast. The pattern appears perfect and harmonious. According to the spring and autumn and the Warring States Bronze Mirrors, the motifs are divided into patterns. It is divided into the following categories:
1, prime lens categories: omni-element mirror, chordectin mirror, wide chord vortex mirror.
2. Pure ground mirrors: pinnate mirrors and cloud mine mirrors.
3, mosaic type: Ye Wenjing, petal mirror, flower mirror.
4, mountain mirror categories: Sanshan mirror, four mountain mirror, Wushan mirror, six mountain mirror.
5, Ling Wen mirror categories: folding diamond mirror, coherent diamond mirror.
6, birds and animals pattern mirrors: Beast mirror, Phoenix mirror, birds and animals mirror.
7, ridge mirror.
Western Han bronze mirrors also have great development in production and artistic expression. From the early Western Han Dynasty to Emperor Wudi, bronze mirrors became thicker and heavier, while New Zealand made hemispherical or persimmon. There are also new changes in the pattern layout and lines. There has been a quartet layout in which four staples are used as the basis. The main pattern is prominent, and the pattern gradually disappears. The theme of decorative simplicity, simple structure, has changed the rigorous fine style of the Warring States period. From the late Western Han Dynasty to the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the observing mirror became the most exquisite type. The ornamentation was mainly composed of four gods. The patterns were four gods, animals, birds and groups of evils, feathers and the like, lively and vivid. The ornamentation layout breaks through the “heart symmetry†design of the ancient style, and a new “axisymmetric†style has emerged. In addition, the appearance of the "transmissive mirror" also brought great brilliance to the Han Dynasty inscription mirror. The so-called light-transmitting mirror refers to the bronze mirror that mirrors the mirror-backed text or inscription on the wall opposite to the mirror when the mirror is facing the sunlight or other light sources. In addition to the Han Dynasty continue to use the Warring States mirror, the most popular bronze mirror roughly has the following 15 categories:
1, èŸ èž é•œ mirror categories: winding èŸ èž èŸ èž ã€ mirror, interval èŸ èž èŸ èž é•œ é•œ 〠〠〠ã€, regular èŸ èž èŸ èž é•œ mirror.
2, èŸ è™º é•œ mirror category: square four 虺 mirror, even arc èŸ è™º é•œ é•œ mirror.
3, grass leaf mirror class: Four milky leaves pattern mirrors, rules grass leaf pattern mirror.
4, nebula mirror class.
5, with arc inscription mirror.
6, heavy circle inscription mirror.
7, four milk birds and beasts mirror.
8, the rules of the mirror class: four rules of the mirror, birds and animals regular mirror, geometric rules mirror, simplify the rules of the mirror.
9, more milk birds and beast mirror.
10, with arc mirror.
11, deformation four-leaf mirror.
12, animal mirror class: re-arranged animal mirror, wraparound animal mirror.
13. Image Mirrors: Historical figures, mirrors, portraits of people, horses, horses, mirrors, four gods, and bird images.
14, phoenix phoenix mirror 15, dragon tiger mirror class; dragon tiger frog mirror, Panlong mirror.
During the period of the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to frequent wars and social unrest, China's copper mirror manufacturing industry entered the mid-life period. In this period, the style is still followed Han mirror, the triangular edge of the gods and animals mirror is the most popular. The bronze mirror ornament often uses folk stories as its theme. In addition, there is also a pattern of Buddha statues, which is a prominent feature of the bronze mirrors of this period.
The Sui and Tang dynasties were times when feudal society in China was very prosperous. It ended the separatist regime of more than 300 years and was reunified; it absorbed the culture of the Siyi brotherhood and merged into one. The bronze mirror process has a strong sense of the times. Like the entire culture, it has not only reached an unprecedented peak in the casting process, but also has achieved unprecedented achievements in the decorative arts. In terms of process, the proportion of tin and silver alloys has increased (about 40%), which makes the mirrors look particularly bright and white. The shadows are very clear. The shape is both heavy and exquisite, with different shapes, including sunflower, rhombus, square, hexagon, star anise, and sub-shape. The decoration is free and lively, generous and beautiful, tends to secular, contains the aesthetic concept of auspiciousness and wealth and aspires to Xianshan Qiongge. There are phoenix, swan, pheasant, magpie, rare bird, lion, teuma, white deer, dragon, beast, peony, Lianhe, grapes, bouquets and moons, princes, winds, immortals, moon and other exotic animals and birds, flowers, birds, fish, myths and legends, everything, rich and colorful, gorgeous, reflecting the Tang Dynasty society The thriving prosperity thrived in the world. After the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties only experienced half a century. In art, it can be said to be the legacy of the Tang Dynasty. At this time, few new mirrors appeared, and many people used Tang mirrors. Even if they cast new mirrors, they could not see the characteristics.
The Song Dynasty has made great progress in economics and science and technology, and it is reflected in the development of copper mirror technology. However, due to the limited production of copper, the copper ban in the Song dynasty was relatively strict, coupled with the large amount of copper mirrors, so Song mirror casting was relatively thin, the alloy process can not keep up with the Tang Dynasty. However, its progress is mainly reflected in the decorative arts. Of course, there is also a close relationship between decorative art and aesthetics. After the prosperous society of the Tang Dynasty, the secular landlords and scholars of the Song Dynasty turned their aesthetics to the natural world of landscapes and flowers. This is the main reason for the erection of flowers and birds in the Song Dynasty. . This aesthetic taste is very natural reflected in the decorative art of bronze mirrors. Therefore, what we see in Song Jing's decorative subjects are mostly painted flowers, birds, animals and fish, landscapes, small bridges, and people who revel in natural beauty. These themes are often expressed in fine relief, pursuing a true sense of beauty, without a mystical atmosphere, as if they were recorded from social life or in the natural world, or the painter paints a picture. This kind of decoration is a major turning point in the history of Chinese bronze mirror art and shows a strong sense of the times. We can also see the characteristics of the Song mirror. There are various types of mirrors. In particular, a large number of mirrors have appeared. Some mirrors cast imprints, cast mirror workshops, years, names, and state and county officials, etc., indicating that there are not only government-run mirror-casting workshops in the Song Dynasty, but also private mirror-casting workshops. The bronze mirrors of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties were mirrored in the style of Song Mirror. Not only did they fail to develop but also tended to decline. It can be said that the end of the development of bronze mirrors in China. In particular, the bronze mirror decoration in the Ming Dynasty was very rough, and the circular pattern centering on the button was transformed into a deeper picture of the relationship between up, down and left and right. In addition to the part of the high-relief pavilion figures in the subject, a large number of words are plain-faced, such as "Long life and prosperity", "Fei Lu Xiang" and so on. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, due to the widespread use of glass, bronze mirrors have lost practical value. They are generally used to ward off evils, and they are called victorious mirrors. Their artistic value cannot be explained.
Bronze Mirror Value The bronze mirror is a daily utensil that is adorned with face and is beautifully crafted. It is well-made, beautiful in appearance, gorgeous in patterns and rich in inscriptions. It is a treasure of ancient Chinese cultural and artistic heritage. The back of the bronze mirror is decorated with various patterns and inscriptions. The emergence and popularity of these ornaments and inscriptions have a certain relationship with the political, economic, ideological and cultural, social life, and fashion of the time. Due to the small mirror back area, the motifs chosen for the ornamentation are more representative and typical, providing us with reliable physical data for understanding and studying the ancient society. Bronze mirrors also play an important role in archaeological research. It is a common funerary object in ancient Chinese tombs. Since the bronze mirrors in various historical periods have their own characteristics, it has become one of the major standard interpreters of ancient tombs.
Western Zhou bronze mirrors have so far been found in fifteen, all circular. The mirror is flat or slightly convex, the mirror body is thin, and the button has olive-shaped, arched, half-cupped, rectangular and other kinds. Can be divided into prime mirror, heavy ring mirror, bird and animal pattern mirror three. During the Western Zhou Dynasty, prime mirrors were used. In the late period of this period, the ornamentation of the mirror back changed, and new animal ornamentation broke the traditional style.
Spring and autumn and the Warring States period is the era of the prevalence of China's bronze mirrors. The characteristics of the Warring States bronze mirror are: the body is lightweight, exquisite decoration, smooth lines, sweeping the style of the early childhood bronze mirror, showing a new look of the bronze craft. The bronze mirror is mostly round at this time. There are various patterns of expression, such as bas-relief, high relief, gold and silver, stone, painting, and so on. Patterns are mostly made with ground patterns that reflect the main pattern, and the pattern of main patterns is in contrast. The pattern appears perfect and harmonious. According to the spring and autumn and the Warring States Bronze Mirrors, the motifs are divided into patterns. It is divided into the following categories:
1, prime lens categories: omni-element mirror, chordectin mirror, wide chord vortex mirror.
2. Pure ground mirrors: pinnate mirrors and cloud mine mirrors.
3, mosaic type: Ye Wenjing, petal mirror, flower mirror.
4, mountain mirror categories: Sanshan mirror, four mountain mirror, Wushan mirror, six mountain mirror.
5, Ling Wen mirror categories: folding diamond mirror, coherent diamond mirror.
6, birds and animals pattern mirrors: Beast mirror, Phoenix mirror, birds and animals mirror.
7, ridge mirror.
Western Han bronze mirrors also have great development in production and artistic expression. From the early Western Han Dynasty to Emperor Wudi, bronze mirrors became thicker and heavier, while New Zealand made hemispherical or persimmon. There are also new changes in the pattern layout and lines. There has been a quartet layout in which four staples are used as the basis. The main pattern is prominent, and the pattern gradually disappears. The theme of decorative simplicity, simple structure, has changed the rigorous fine style of the Warring States period. From the late Western Han Dynasty to the middle of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the observing mirror became the most exquisite type. The ornamentation was mainly composed of four gods. The patterns were four gods, animals, birds and groups of evils, feathers and the like, lively and vivid. The ornamentation layout breaks through the “heart symmetry†design of the ancient style, and a new “axisymmetric†style has emerged. In addition, the appearance of the "transmissive mirror" also brought great brilliance to the Han Dynasty inscription mirror. The so-called light-transmitting mirror refers to the bronze mirror that mirrors the mirror-backed text or inscription on the wall opposite to the mirror when the mirror is facing the sunlight or other light sources. In addition to the Han Dynasty continue to use the Warring States mirror, the most popular bronze mirror roughly has the following 15 categories:
1, èŸ èž é•œ mirror categories: winding èŸ èž èŸ èž ã€ mirror, interval èŸ èž èŸ èž é•œ é•œ 〠〠〠ã€, regular èŸ èž èŸ èž é•œ mirror.
2, èŸ è™º é•œ mirror category: square four 虺 mirror, even arc èŸ è™º é•œ é•œ mirror.
3, grass leaf mirror class: Four milky leaves pattern mirrors, rules grass leaf pattern mirror.
4, nebula mirror class.
5, with arc inscription mirror.
6, heavy circle inscription mirror.
7, four milk birds and beasts mirror.
8, the rules of the mirror class: four rules of the mirror, birds and animals regular mirror, geometric rules mirror, simplify the rules of the mirror.
9, more milk birds and beast mirror.
10, with arc mirror.
11, deformation four-leaf mirror.
12, animal mirror class: re-arranged animal mirror, wraparound animal mirror.
13. Image Mirrors: Historical figures, mirrors, portraits of people, horses, horses, mirrors, four gods, and bird images.
14, phoenix phoenix mirror 15, dragon tiger mirror class; dragon tiger frog mirror, Panlong mirror.
During the period of the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, due to frequent wars and social unrest, China's copper mirror manufacturing industry entered the mid-life period. In this period, the style is still followed Han mirror, the triangular edge of the gods and animals mirror is the most popular. The bronze mirror ornament often uses folk stories as its theme. In addition, there is also a pattern of Buddha statues, which is a prominent feature of the bronze mirrors of this period.
The Sui and Tang dynasties were times when feudal society in China was very prosperous. It ended the separatist regime of more than 300 years and was reunified; it absorbed the culture of the Siyi brotherhood and merged into one. The bronze mirror process has a strong sense of the times. Like the entire culture, it has not only reached an unprecedented peak in the casting process, but also has achieved unprecedented achievements in the decorative arts. In terms of process, the proportion of tin and silver alloys has increased (about 40%), which makes the mirrors look particularly bright and white. The shadows are very clear. The shape is both heavy and exquisite, with different shapes, including sunflower, rhombus, square, hexagon, star anise, and sub-shape. The decoration is free and lively, generous and beautiful, tends to secular, contains the aesthetic concept of auspiciousness and wealth and aspires to Xianshan Qiongge. There are phoenix, swan, pheasant, magpie, rare bird, lion, teuma, white deer, dragon, beast, peony, Lianhe, grapes, bouquets and moons, princes, winds, immortals, moon and other exotic animals and birds, flowers, birds, fish, myths and legends, everything, rich and colorful, gorgeous, reflecting the Tang Dynasty society The thriving prosperity thrived in the world. After the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties only experienced half a century. In art, it can be said to be the legacy of the Tang Dynasty. At this time, few new mirrors appeared, and many people used Tang mirrors. Even if they cast new mirrors, they could not see the characteristics.
The Song Dynasty has made great progress in economics and science and technology, and it is reflected in the development of copper mirror technology. However, due to the limited production of copper, the copper ban in the Song dynasty was relatively strict, coupled with the large amount of copper mirrors, so Song mirror casting was relatively thin, the alloy process can not keep up with the Tang Dynasty. However, its progress is mainly reflected in the decorative arts. Of course, there is also a close relationship between decorative art and aesthetics. After the prosperous society of the Tang Dynasty, the secular landlords and scholars of the Song Dynasty turned their aesthetics to the natural world of landscapes and flowers. This is the main reason for the erection of flowers and birds in the Song Dynasty. . This aesthetic taste is very natural reflected in the decorative art of bronze mirrors. Therefore, what we see in Song Jing's decorative subjects are mostly painted flowers, birds, animals and fish, landscapes, small bridges, and people who revel in natural beauty. These themes are often expressed in fine relief, pursuing a true sense of beauty, without a mystical atmosphere, as if they were recorded from social life or in the natural world, or the painter paints a picture. This kind of decoration is a major turning point in the history of Chinese bronze mirror art and shows a strong sense of the times. We can also see the characteristics of the Song mirror. There are various types of mirrors. In particular, a large number of mirrors have appeared. Some mirrors cast imprints, cast mirror workshops, years, names, and state and county officials, etc., indicating that there are not only government-run mirror-casting workshops in the Song Dynasty, but also private mirror-casting workshops. The bronze mirrors of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties were mirrored in the style of Song Mirror. Not only did they fail to develop but also tended to decline. It can be said that the end of the development of bronze mirrors in China. In particular, the bronze mirror decoration in the Ming Dynasty was very rough, and the circular pattern centering on the button was transformed into a deeper picture of the relationship between up, down and left and right. In addition to the part of the high-relief pavilion figures in the subject, a large number of words are plain-faced, such as "Long life and prosperity", "Fei Lu Xiang" and so on. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, due to the widespread use of glass, bronze mirrors have lost practical value. They are generally used to ward off evils, and they are called victorious mirrors. Their artistic value cannot be explained.
Bronze Mirror Value The bronze mirror is a daily utensil that is adorned with face and is beautifully crafted. It is well-made, beautiful in appearance, gorgeous in patterns and rich in inscriptions. It is a treasure of ancient Chinese cultural and artistic heritage. The back of the bronze mirror is decorated with various patterns and inscriptions. The emergence and popularity of these ornaments and inscriptions have a certain relationship with the political, economic, ideological and cultural, social life, and fashion of the time. Due to the small mirror back area, the motifs chosen for the ornamentation are more representative and typical, providing us with reliable physical data for understanding and studying the ancient society. Bronze mirrors also play an important role in archaeological research. It is a common funerary object in ancient Chinese tombs. Since the bronze mirrors in various historical periods have their own characteristics, it has become one of the major standard interpreters of ancient tombs.
Rayon Slub is a yarn with subtle texture and rich color. It is made of one loosely-spun rayon play wrapped with a fine binder and has a slight thick-and-thin look. It comes in solid and variegated yarns with easy-to-coordinate colorways. With an objective to fulfill the ever-evolving demands of our clients, we are engaged in offering a wide assortment of Rayon Slub Fabric.
Rayon Slub
Rayon Slub,Rayon Slub Printing,Viscose Printed Rayon Slub,Rayon Slub Plain Dyed Fabric
SHAOXING BAFENSE TRADING CO.,LTD. , http://www.sxbfsdesignprint.com