Dyeing and finishing technology Matsui Hiroshi of Hiroshima University has long been engaged in the research of bionic technology, and by drawing natural knowledge, it creates beautiful and comfortable bionic fibers. In the past 10 years, fiber and textile technology have made great progress. About 40 new fabrics have been commercialized and have the characteristics of new synthetic fibers. However, there is still a lack of real difference in terms of feel and aesthetics. The study of natural fibers has achieved a high level of aesthetics, feel and wearing comfort. In particular, a large number of various simulation fabrics have created a new era of synthetic fibers. An example of this is the use of polymer modification to obtain the surface structure of the microfibrils, resulting in a fine silky feel and an elegant appearance. A number of modified wool-like fibers have been developed using a key technology that combines two different false twist yarns.
Recently, modification in the feel and appearance has become popular. Similar differentiation has also been applied to control rayon and simulated leather fibers using controlled bionics. Secondly, in order to make bionic fiber more competitive, process rationalization and finishing is very important. Further improvements in new bionic fibers will require more refined artistry. For example, the enhanced stretchability feel has been obtained by mixing bicomponent fibers or by mixing elastic fibers with composite false twist yarns. Recently, Teijin has researched a variety of butterflies to create an epoch-making fiber with a multi-microstructure and a fiber cross-section of 0.07 micron. No dyeing is required, and only a light interference effect can produce a vivid color. Its applications in textile and functional materials technology are growing. Gao Wanche, from the University of Rice, introduced the bio-scouring technology of cotton fiber.
Refining is an important process step to remove impurities from the surface of cotton fibers to make the bleaching, dyeing and finishing of the fibers easy and reproducible. Bioscouring is a biotechnological approach using enzymes rather than caustic soda. Biological refining has many advantages over the caustic soda method. Ecological aspects (1) biochemical reactions with enzymes; (2) reduction of energy costs; (3) reduction of pollutants in wastewater. Safety aspects (l) work environment safety; (2) chemical reactions under mild conditions. Quality (l) soft and smooth hand; (2) natural feeling; (3) high reproducibility. There are many impurities on the surface of the raw cotton fiber, and the scouring process is to remove the protein, pectin and wax. Enzymes which can be utilized for this purpose are protease, cellulase, pectinase, hemicellulase and lipase. In particular, pectinase can be scoured in the same bath as cellulase and lipase.
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