Mysterious oriental splendid jade culture

The Chinese jade carving art has a long history and has a glorious history of more than 7,000 years. Our ancestors used the natural and natural beauty of jade to join the original religious culture, supplemented by mysterious colors, satisfying people's aesthetic needs, and formed a splendid jade culture through the development of personalization.

The world is not only Chinese love jade, ancient Europeans, Americans are also superstitious jade, that Pei Yu can ward off evil, but also cure kidney disease. But the Japanese who love jade with jade, the New Zealand Maori, the Indians, the Arabs, the Siberians, who have not built a rich and jade culture like the Chinese, the jade of China is political, economic, and religious. In the activities of etiquette, morality, art, etc., it has become an indispensable role.

The Chinese have given too much connotation to jade. In "Book of Rites, Employing Righteousness" and "The Analects of Confucius", there are sentences of "the gentleman is better than the jade". "Jade, the beauty of the stone, there are five virtues." The Chinese people's feelings for jade are deep into the blood of the nation. The traditional jade is not only connected with the virtues of the gentleman, but also connected with the image of women. The "Golden Boys and Girls", "Golden Branches and Jade Leaves", "Flower-like Jade" and so on describe the beauty of women. . The poetry, prose, and novels that describe the jade in the field of literature abound, and the most famous one is Cao Xueqin’s Stone Story. The male protagonist is named "Tongling Baoyu", and the piece of Baoyu is the life of Ning'an. If it is lost, it will be lost. If it is lost, it will reduce the disease and reduce it. "Fake the truth is true and false" how many days of fascination, Jia Baoyu is actually a true piece of innocent treasure in Cao Xueqin's heart, jade is his everything, his life, is his life. Here I want to talk mainly about the jade carving of jade.

The sculpt must be pretty and pretty, and the understanding of the pretty color is "the beauty of the stone", and the ancestors' pursuit of "the beauty of the stone" is far from the Yuyao Hemudu era 7,000 years ago. At that time, the people deliberately made the beautiful stones they picked, made them into ornaments such as enamel, beads, and pendants, and beautified themselves. This is the earliest recorded pursuit of pretty carving.

The earliest recognized jade carving jade is the Yin of 3,000 years ago. In recent years, a piece of jade has been unearthed in the north of Xiaoyan Village, Anyang, Henan Province. This piece retains the original dark brown and turns it into a jade. The carapace, head, abdomen and feet are all blue and white. The black eyes, the white claws and the claw tips are ingeniously left with black, so that the jade is more realistic, the charm is natural, and the fun is full of fun. After that, the sculpt products begin to enter people's lives. At the same time, the materials also began to diversify, Hetian jade, sugar white jade, Nanyang jade, rock jade, Lantian jade, jade agate, crystal, Qingtian stone, Balin stone and so on.

In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen’s "Speaking of the Story" is the name of the stone. The ancients have turned the beautiful stone into jade, and our modern understanding of jade has a broad and narrow sense. The broad jade is "warm and The beautiful stone of luster, narrowly refers to the hard jade (Jade) nephrite (Hetian jade) that the French famous scientist Demur said. The rest can not be called jade, collectively known as colored stone.

It can be seen that whether it is the ancients or the modern people, the color in the pursuit of nature plays a decisive role. This has laid a profound social foundation and humanistic foundation for the beautiful carving.

Almost every good jade carving master is a pretty master. They are some people who can discover beauty from jade and complete beauty. Although most of them don’t leave their names, they leave beauty and leave behind. Their understanding of art, they are people who can turn corruption into magic.

In October 1970, a horn cup with a height of 6.5cm and a length of 15.6cm was unearthed from Hejia Village, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. This piece is made from the rare red agate of the world. Agate is an impure variegated material with dark red on both sides and a light red color in the middle. The middle sandwich is slightly rosy and pale white. It is like a sandwich, with distinct layers and fresh and lovely. The jade craftsman used it at the time. Art, art, and the vertical end of the material, carved into the mouth of the cup, the mouth of the cup has two round chords along the outside, smooth and smooth, the thickness is just right, the vertical texture gives a sense of stability. At the end of the horizontal direction of the texture, it is carved into a bull's head. This is also the essence. The two big eyes of the bull's head are squatting, looking straight ahead, seemingly looking for and spying on something. The author's eyeballs are all characterized by black and white, and the shape of the gods. It really plays the role of "finishing the finishing touch". The number of knives on the upper and lower sides of the bull's head is already three points into the wood. The two horns on the head of the cow are strong and strong, curved naturally, rich and colorful, condensing strength and life, showing strong dynamic beauty, two huge ears, tall and erect, slightly adducted, as if listening to the charming The number is very charming.

The work describes the moment when the cows are concentrating on the whole, and it has a strong artistic appeal. It is really perfect. The more beautiful thing is that the cow's mouth is also gold-plated. This inlaid gold makes the value of this work greatly improved. Because, if you do not put gold, the color of the mouth may be too deep, so the perception will be too discounted. This not only covers up the shortcomings, but also glitters, highlighting the beauty of the head of the cow, and the faint texture of the head of the cow shows a strong texture.

When I was a child, I saw the peasants in my hometown put the cows on the arable land to prevent the cows from eating the crops around the arable land. At the same time, they were afraid that the cattle would graze and distract, which would affect the progress of the arable land. So when I saw this piece of work, I couldn't help but be impressed by the master's skill and subtle understanding of life. This piece is an outstanding representative of China's beautiful sculpture.

The most convincingly beautiful sculpture, when it was the Qingyin period of the Qing Dynasty. The piece is 15.5cm wide and 25cm wide and 10.8cm thick. It was the last thing left in the bowl. When a Suzhou craftsman saw the scrap, he thought of the most familiar and lovely garden courtyard in his hometown. So it’s a clever trick, turning waste into treasure. In accordance with the material. According to the shape and color of the jade material, the round hole left by the jade bowl is taken into a round cover of the Jiangnan garden. It is carved into a rockery and furniture at the bottom of the bowl. The main part was carved into a girl's head and squatted in a coat, holding a ganoderma walking toward the round door with a gentle step. Outside the door, a long dress girl put her hands in the box and walked outside the door. The two ladies echoed each other through the thin door seams. There were countless intimate words to say, and the face was full of intoxicating smiles. The surrounding Jiangnan garden scene is carefully plunged into a slightly open doorway, and the two ladies look through the thin door slits, and there is light shining through the door. The orange jade skin is carved into the banana leaf of the sycamore, and the stone is covered with stone. After the artist's ingenious art processing, a piece of waste has become a valuable artistic treasure, and it has also become a legendary story of jade carving. Emperor Qianlong also dumped it for it, even called "Qiaoqi Tiangong." Once the work was published, it has been accompanied by the emperor in the Qing Palace and is now one of the collections of the Palace Museum.

Since the liberation, with the attention of the party and the state. Premier Zhou Enlai personally issued certificates to some old artists. The social status of the artist has been continuously improved. At the same time, due to the progress of history, the updating of the tools and machines of the jade, a large number of high-achieving people have entered, the jade carving technology has entered the highest peak of history, and the good-looking works are also prosperous and difficult to win. number.

The two oranges designed by Chen Changhai are a representative of the sculpt, the author cleverly carved the orange skin into a split orange, the middle two are playing, and the old man seems to have a good move and smile. The self-satisfied desire, while the other old man is thinking nervously, leaning forward, holding the beard, and expressing the old man's uneasiness and thinking. Under the green leaves, the author removed the not too good skin color, carved it into auspicious clouds with the finest white meat, and the works were clouded, and there was a kind of ethereal and free spirit. It was really the sun and the moon in the hole. I don’t know how many years have passed.

The national treasure "five geese" designed and produced by Master Wang Shusen is a rare and rare sculpture. This piece is invalidated because there are many black spots in the red, but the master skillfully carved the black spots into the goose eyes. This is the white goose we see, the red top and the black eyes echo each other, and the way is naturally surrounded by food. around. Some variegated colors in the middle let the masters sculpt the whole work of the goose food, and it is doubtful that this is not a natural sculpt. Therefore, since the birth of the work, it has been suspected that the sound of artificial dyeing has been endless. Skillful! Perhaps the highest award for the current jade carving, the "Tiangong Award", originated here.

The above examples are the classic works of the jade craftsmen who rely on the natural color texture of the jade material, skillfully design and apply the appropriate body material to make the shape and color of the work achieve perfect artistic effects. In general, the quality of jade carving, jade color can not be single, jade face to be colorful, beautiful but must be mixed without a mess of a good color jade material must be elegant color, clear texture, layered. The contrast is strong, and the texture level gloss is superior. It is necessary to have the difference between the upper and lower color, and the difference between the inner and outer textures. A good jade carving technician gets a piece of jade material suitable for carving, examines his color and texture to create ideas, and then carefully constructs and completes a pretty work. The idea is a creative work.

There is also a type of work that is crafted using waste that others think is useless. Such works are generally made of raw materials with impurities and various spots, which often achieve unexpected results.

Master Wang Zhongyuan, using a piece of national treasure (long disk, Wangzi Chenglong, Lushan Xianrenfeng) carved out as a waste agate. All three works are listed as national treasures and everyone is familiar with them. When you see the black plate, the natural water that flows almost in the middle and the dragon above, you can feel nothing pale except for the magic of nature and the whimsy of the master!

On the whole, the current quality products are far superior to the ancients in quality and quantity. It is undeniable that in the history of the development of jade carvings for nearly seven thousand years, although the sculptures of the jade carvings are astounding, there is still a big gap compared with other jade carvings. It has not become the mainstream of the jade carving market, but in the past two decades, There have been great changes. People’s love for pretty carvings is more than other jade carvings. People used to think that the quality of the materials was bad, because the existence of color was also seen by people, and the price has risen. Now The price of a leather-carved product is quite amazing. In each jade carving contest, it has a pivotal position. The "Tiangong Award" also has a "Best Creativity Award", and the boutiques are endless. In this way, it is not an exaggeration to say that the beautiful sculpture is the pearl on the crown of jade carving.

Compared with jade carvings, stone carvings are more good materials for use, such as Qingtian Stone, Shoushan Stone, and Bahrain Stone. Mainly because of the rich color, easy carving begins to enter people's lives. Anyone who has seen Qingtian Stone, Shoushan Stone, Bahrain Stone, White The people of Lingshi's works are impressed by their color and the unique design of the artist.

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