PA/PU artificial suede is made of high-density non-woven fabric made of nylon microfiber, filled with polyurethane and processed by post-processing. This kind of artificial suede is compact in structure, has excellent appearance texture and wearing comfort, and its physical properties, chemical resistance, waterproof and mildew resistance are superior to natural suede, and it is a good substitute for natural suede.
Since the PA/PU artificial suede is composed of ultra-fine nylon and polyurethane components, and has a compact structure and a large specific surface area, the dyeing has problems such as poor dyeing fastness, poor translucency and leveling property.
Infrared heating has been used in the textile industry for a long time. It reduces the drawbacks of traditional heating, improves the quality and efficiency of fabric processing, and saves energy and pollution. The basic principle of infrared radiation is that the heat source emits infrared heat rays with a wavelength of 21 um to 25 um in space, and is converted into heat energy when it is incident on an object and absorbed by it. Infrared radiation can penetrate the inside of the object, and the heat is evenly distributed and transmitted from the inside to the outside. In the dyeing and finishing process, the infrared drying technology can effectively prevent the dye from "migrating" and reduce the chromatic aberration. Infrared dyeing is dyed by heating the dye bath by means of infrared radiation. In view of the poor color fastness, dyeing and leveling property of PA/PU artificial suede, this paper used DyStar's Dianix series of disperse dyes to study the infrared dyeing process of PA/PU artificial suede.
1 test
1.1 Test materials and pharmaceutical materials: PA/PU artificial suede (nylon 64%, polyurethane 36%)
Drugs: Dianix red AC-E, Dianix yellow ETD 300%, Di-anix navy blue S-G 200% (DyStar); dispersant NNO, penetrant, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.
1.2 Experimental instrument infrared dyeing machine ECO-B (American Datacolor company), color measuring instrument Datacolor 600 (Datacolor Company of the United States), high temperature and high pressure dyeing sample machine TFGWYR (Tianjin Huapu Heli Technology Co., Ltd.), visible light spectrophotometer 722S (Shanghai Guanguang Technology Co., Ltd.), dyeing fastness tester Y571 B (Wenzhou Darong Textile Standard Instrument Factory), electronic balance BS1 10B (Beijing Sartorius Balance Co., Ltd.).
1.3 Test methods
1.3.1 Dyeing method - Dyeing prescription:
Dye 2% (O.W.f); dispersant NNO lg/L; ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2 g/L; penetrant 2 mL/L; bath ratio 1:50.
Process curve:
Soaping process: sodium carbonate lg / L, washing powder 2g / L, bath ratio l: 30, 90 ° C for 10 minutes.
1.3.2 Determination of percentage of dyeing (residual liquid method)
The maximum absorption wavelength of the dye was found by a 722S spectrophotometer. The absorbance A and Ao of the stock solution and the residual liquid were measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of the dye, and the percentage of dyeing x% was obtained by the following formula:
Where: A-stock absorbance; A. A residual liquid absorbance; a multiple of the test concentration of the n-stock and the dye residue.
1.3.3 Determination of dyeing rate curve According to the dyeing process, the temperature is raised and kept, and the percentage of dyeing in different dyeing stages is determined. The above dyeing percentage is the ordinate and the time is the abscissa, and the dyeing rate curve is plotted.
1.3.4 Surface depth K / S value i shell 4 is determined by the US Dataeolor 600 computer color measuring instrument. The surface of the fiber sample is neatly tidy, and the thickness of the sample must be such that the test light is impermeable. The reflectance R of the sample at different wavelengths (380 nm to 780 nm) was measured, according to Kuberlka. The Munk formula calculates the surface depth K/S value: (K/S) ∞ = (1 - R ∞) /2 R ∞ where K is the absorption coefficient, s is the scattering coefficient, and R ∞ is the reflection when the colored sample is infinitely thick Rate, the value at the maximum absorption wavelength is taken when calculating. The larger the K/S value, the darker the color; the smaller the K/S value, the lighter the color.
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